{"id":646491,"date":"2026-07-08T04:21:27","date_gmt":"2026-07-08T11:21:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.swimmingworldmagazine.com\/news\/?p=646491"},"modified":"2026-07-08T06:26:52","modified_gmt":"2026-07-08T13:26:52","slug":"no-simple-answers-when-hormones-cancer-and-sport-collide","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.swimmingworldmagazine.com\/news\/no-simple-answers-when-hormones-cancer-and-sport-collide\/","title":{"rendered":"No Simple Answers: When Hormones, Cancer and Sport Collide"},"content":{"rendered":"

No Simple Answers: When Hormones, Cancer and Sport Collide<\/strong><\/p>\n

By Leann Rossi<\/p>\n

I\u2019ve learned more about hormones in the past few weeks than I ever expected to in my lifetime. When my biopsy results came back, the explanation was both simple and devastating: my estrogen was feeding the cancer. Suddenly, something I never thought about \u2014 a hormone quietly doing its job in the background \u2014 became the center of my treatment plan and the reason everything in my life was about to shift.<\/p>\n

Part of that plan is hormone suppression. And like any athlete who trains with intention and purpose, my mind immediately went to the same place it always does: How is this going to affect my swimming? I had goals for 2026. I had meets circled on my calendar. I had been building toward something for over a year. Now I\u2019m staring at this new reality and trying to understand what it means for my body, my training, and the future I thought I was stepping into.<\/p>\n

Will I be able to train the way I\u2019m used to? Will fatigue take over? Will I need to pivot entirely? These questions don\u2019t come from fear \u2014 they come from the discipline of someone who has always planned, prepared, and pushed.<\/p>\n

Then came a question I never imagined would be part of a cancer diagnosis: Will the medications I need to survive put me at risk for a doping violation? Tamoxifen \u2014 a standard treatment for estrogen\u2011driven breast cancer \u2014 is prohibited in competitive sport unless an athlete secures a Therapeutic Use Exemption. Testosterone therapy, if it ever becomes part of a treatment plan, requires the same. It\u2019s surreal to think that fighting cancer and following the rules of my sport can collide like this, but here I am, navigating both at the same time.<\/p>\n

This whole experience has cracked open a world I didn\u2019t know I was living inside of.<\/p>\n

I always thought of hormones as something abstract \u2014 background chemistry quietly doing its job while I focused on splits, stroke counts, and training cycles. But now I\u2019m seeing how much sport, medicine, and identity is built on assumptions about hormones that we rarely question out loud.<\/p>\n

Take prostate cancer. When men are treated for certain types of prostate cancer, their testosterone is often suppressed. Their estrogen levels rise. Their bodies change. They lose muscle mass, gain fat, feel fatigue, experience hot flashes, mood shifts, and changes in libido. In other words, they go through a hormonally induced transition, too \u2014 but we don\u2019t talk about it that way. We call it \u201ctreatment,\u201d not \u201ctransition.\u201d We frame it as survival, not identity.<\/p>\n

And yet, physiologically, there are parallels.<\/p>\n

If it weren\u2019t for the recent wave of lawsuits and debates over transgender athletes in United States Masters Swimming, I might never have connected these dots: hormones, cancer treatments, performance, and doping regulations are all part of the same ecosystem. The same hormones that are central to gender debates are also central to cancer care. The same medications that save lives can trigger anti\u2011doping flags. The same bodies we categorize so confidently on paper are, in reality, far more complex.<\/p>\n

My mind keeps spinning out questions.<\/p>\n

What about women who\u2019ve had complete mastectomies because of breast cancer \u2014 how are they seen on the pool deck? As \u201cless female?\u201d As \u201cinspirational survivors?\u201d As something else entirely?<\/p>\n

What about women who naturally have higher testosterone levels? They exist. They\u2019ve always existed. How are they perceived when they step onto the blocks? Are they quietly judged as having an \u201cunfair advantage,\u201d even if they\u2019ve never taken a single banned substance? Are they asked to prove their womanhood in ways others never are?<\/p>\n

And now I\u2019m in this strange intersection myself: a woman with breast cancer, on hormone\u2011suppressing treatment, navigating anti\u2011doping rules, thinking about testosterone and estrogen not as abstract markers of gender, but as levers in my medical chart and variables in my training.<\/p>\n

It\u2019s fascinating and absolutely mind\u2011boggling.<\/p>\n

What I keep coming back to is this: we talk about fairness in sport as if it\u2019s simple, as if bodies can be neatly sorted and regulated. But once you start looking at hormones, cancer, surgeries, natural variation, and medical treatments, the picture gets a lot more complicated.<\/p>\n

There are men whose testosterone is medically suppressed.<\/p>\n

There are women whose breasts have been removed.<\/p>\n

There are people whose hormone levels sit outside the \u201cnormal\u201d range their whole lives.<\/p>\n

All of them are still showing up, still swimming, still trying to belong in lanes that were never designed with this complexity in mind.<\/p>\n

Maybe the real question isn\u2019t just who fits the rules, but who the rules were written for in the first place \u2014 and who gets left out of the conversation when we pretend bodies are simple.<\/p>\n

I don\u2019t have all the answers. I\u2019m still learning, still adjusting, and I’m still figuring out how to train while my hormones are being rewritten by medicine. But I do know this: I\u2019m not alone. There are countless athletes navigating cancer, surgeries, hormone therapies, and bodies that don\u2019t fit neatly into categories.<\/p>\n

And maybe if we talked about it more \u2014 openly, honestly, without fear \u2014 we\u2019d build a sporting world that reflects the real diversity of human bodies, not the simplified version we\u2019ve been taught to believe in.<\/p>\n

This is not the season I planned for. But it\u2019s the one I\u2019m in. And I\u2019m trying to hold space for both truths: that I am a person fighting breast cancer, and I am still an athlete with goals, discipline, and a future worth fighting for. My path may change. My training may look different. But I\u2019m still here, still asking the hard questions, still imagining the lane lines and the water and the possibility that I can come back stronger \u2014 not because of what I\u2019ve lost, but because of what I\u2019ve learned.<\/p>\n

About the Author<\/strong><\/p>\n

Leann Rossi is an elite United States Masters Swimming (USMS) athlete, coach, and advocate for inclusive, evidence\u2011based conversations at the intersection of sport, health, and identity.<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

No Simple Answers: When Hormones, Cancer and Sport Collide By Leann Rossi I\u2019ve learned more about hormones in the past few weeks than I ever expected to in my lifetime.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7533,"featured_media":490668,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"dois","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[3,17,9,122607],"tags":[5764,130078],"class_list":["post-646491","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-featured","category-commentary","category-masters","category-swim-life","tag-cancer","tag-hormones"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"yoast_head":"\r\nNo Simple Answers: When Hormones, Cancer and Sport 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