{"id":461451,"date":"2021-02-06T10:00:41","date_gmt":"2021-02-06T17:00:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.swimmingworldmagazine.com\/news\/?p=461451"},"modified":"2021-02-05T13:25:34","modified_gmt":"2021-02-05T20:25:34","slug":"swimming-world-presents-swimming-technique-concepts-freestyle-technique-for-sprint-and-distance-part-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.swimmingworldmagazine.com\/news\/swimming-world-presents-swimming-technique-concepts-freestyle-technique-for-sprint-and-distance-part-2\/","title":{"rendered":"Swimming World Presents – Swimming Technique Concepts: Freestyle Technique For Sprint and Distance (Part 2)"},"content":{"rendered":"

The latest issue of Swimming World Magazine<\/em><\/span>
\nis now available for download in the<\/span> Swimming World Vault<\/span><\/strong><\/a>!<\/p>\n

Non-Subscribers Can Download This Issue Here<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Swimming Technique Concepts: Freestyle Technique For Sprint and Distance (Part 2)<\/span><\/h1>\n

By Rod Havriluk<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Many sources suggest that swimmers use a different freestyle technique for sprint and distance events. For example, a \u201cstraight-arm\u201d underwater motion is often promoted for sprinting and a \u201cbent arm\u201d is frequently suggested for distance events. As explained in Part 1 (SW Jan), science\u2014both physics and research\u2014shows us that a swimmer can optimize performance in events of all distances by using the same arm motion with a different arm coordination. Part 1 also explained the most effective arm coordination for distance events. This article\u2014Part 2 and the final part in this series\u2014explains the arm coordination for sprint events.<\/p>\n

OPPOSITION COORDINATION FOR SPRINT OR DISTANCE<\/span>
\nThe Index of Coordination (IdC) quantifies the relative position of the arms in a stroke cycle (Chollet, Chalies & Chatard, 2000). When one hand begins to pull at the same time that the opposite hand completes the push, the arms are in opposition, and the IdC is zero (Fig. 1, left panel).<\/p>\n

Swimmers can use opposition coordination for a range of swimming velocities by varying the average propulsive force. For example, opposition coordination hand force curves for sprint (solid lines) and distance (dotted lines) are shown in Fig. 2. For both the sprint and distance curves, the duration of the propulsion and non-propulsion phases are both 0.6 seconds for a stroke time of 1.2 seconds and consistent with the model in the left panel of Fig. 1 and the data presented in Part 1 (SW Jan).<\/p>\n

The sprint and distance curves are different in the average force generated on each underwater arm motion. For a distance swim\u2014with a peak force of 40 pounds and an average force of 20 pounds per stroke cycle\u2014the velocity is calculated as 1.5 meters\/second (substituting values that are typical for fast swimmers: body cross-sectional area of 1,000 cm2 and an active drag coefficient of 0.8). For a sprint, fast swimmers often achieve a peak hand force of 65 pounds for an average force of 30 pounds per stroke cycle and a swimming velocity of 1.8 meters per second.<\/p>\n


\nDr. Rod Havriluk is a sport scientist and consultant who specializes in swimming technique instruction and analysis. His newest ebooks are \u201cApproaching Perfect Swimming: Optimal Stroke Technique\u201d and \u201cSwimming Without Pain: A Comprehensive Guide to Preventing and Rehabilitating Shoulder Injuries,\u201d and are available at swimmingtechnology.com. Contact Rod through info@ swimmingtechnology.com. All scientific documentation relating to this article, including scientific principles, studies and research papers, can be provided upon demand.<\/em><\/p>\n


\nTo see the full Swimming Technique Concepts article complete with graphs and illustrations,
\nClick here to download the full February 2021 issue of Swimming World now<\/a>!<\/a><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\"SW<\/a>[PHOTO BY DELLY CARR, SWIMMING AUSTRALIA]<\/p>\n

<\/h3>\n

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Non-Subscribers can click here to download this issue for only $5.94<\/strong><\/span><\/a><\/h2>\n

<\/h2>\n

Swimming World Magazine February 2021 Issue<\/span><\/h2>\n

FEATURES<\/p>\n

012<\/span> THE PRIDE OF GIRLS\u2019 POLO IN THE GATEWAY CITY<\/strong><\/span>
\nby Michael Randazzo<\/strong>
\nWhen COVID-19 lockdowns last spring stopped polo, Rob Peglar and Abby VerMeer didn\u2019t hesitate: they focused on getting girls water polo untracked in the Gateway City. The result: the St. Louis Lions, the city\u2019s first all-girls team.<\/p>\n

014<\/span> ALL FOR ONE AND ONE FOR ALL<\/strong><\/span>
\nby Dan D\u2019Addona<\/strong>
\nThe popular motto of The Musketeers, built on supporting each other as well as the group, is just one of many reasons why the University of Texas remains among the strongest in men\u2019s college swimming and diving.<\/p>\n

020<\/span> READY FOR A BREAKTHROUGH<\/strong><\/span>
\nby Andy Ross<\/strong>
\nMelanie Margalis is an Olympic relay gold medalist and a three-time relay champion at Worlds, but a podium finish in an individual event has eluded her on the world\u2019s biggest stage. After ranking No. 1 in the 400 IM and No. 3 in the shorter medley for 2020, her turn to win a medal for the United States could take place this year in Tokyo.<\/p>\n

022<\/span> PERSEVERANCE AND HARD\u00a0 WORK PAY OFF<\/strong><\/span>
\nby David Rieder<\/strong>
\nAfter not qualifying for Australia\u2019s Olympic team in 2012, Emma McKeon was ready to quit…but over the next several months, she had a change of heart and understood what was necessary to compete at a higher level. Since then, she has become a significant international force, a consistent podium presence and one of the world\u2019s most impactful relay swimmers.<\/p>\n

026<\/span> TAKEOFF TO TOKYO:\u00a0TARNISHED GOLD<\/strong><\/span>
\nby John Lohn<\/strong>
\nEast Germany\u2019s Kristin Otto will long be remembered as a highly decorated athlete, and for turning in one of the greatest Olympic outings in history, winning six gold medals at the 1988 Games. But because of the links to her and performance-enhancing drugs, what she accomplished\u2014before and in Seoul\u2014will always be tainted.<\/p>\n

029<\/span> WHO \u201cSHOT\u201d THE\u00a0SWIMMERS? (Part 2)<\/strong><\/span>
\nby Bruce Wigo<\/strong>
\nShortly after the 1936 Olympics in a lab in Boston, Harold \u201cDoc\u201d Edgerton, an electrical engineering professor at MIT, began tinkering with equipment that would change the way science explains natural phenomena\u2014and with it, the art of aquatic sports photography\u2014forever.<\/p>\n

032<\/span> NUTRITION: TO BE THE BEST, YOU NEED TO EAT THE BEST!<\/strong><\/span>
\nby Dawn Weatherwax<\/strong>
\nEach year really does build onto another\u2014nutrition is an imperative part of the process, even at an early age.<\/p>\n

COACHING<\/p>\n

016<\/span> SELLING PROCESS TO\u00a0SWIMMERS (Part 2)<\/strong><\/span>
\nby Michael J. Stott<\/strong>
\nIn 1993, psychologist Anders Ericsson wrote that greatness wasn\u2019t born, but grown. Fifteen years later, author Malcolm Gladwell suggested that it takes roughly 10,000 hours of practice to achieve mastery in a skill or field. Known by the term, \u201cprocess,\u201d swim coaches use that learning curve to improve the performance of their swimmers.<\/p>\n

036<\/span> SWIMMING TECHNIQUE CONCEPTS: FREESTYLE TECHNIQUE FOR SPRINT AND DISTANCE (Part 2)<\/strong><\/span>
\nby Rod Havriluk<\/strong>
\nOptimal freestyle technique for sprint and distance is identical with respect to the arm motion throughout the stroke cycle, but the arm coordination is different. While a swimmer can swim a wide range of velocities with opposition coordination, a swimmer will only achieve his\/her fastest velocity with superposition coordination.<\/p>\n

040<\/span> SPECIAL SETS: TRAINING THE PROFESSIONAL ATHLETE\u2014THEN AND NOW<\/strong><\/span>
\nby Michael J. Stott<\/strong>
\nIn his lengthy career, Gregg Troy has mentored athletes of all ages and abilities, which has given him a unique perspective of how to prepare post-college grads for excellence at the international level.<\/p>\n

042<\/span> Q&A WITH COACH JOE PLANE<\/strong><\/span>
\nby Michael J. Stott<\/strong><\/p>\n

044<\/span> HOW THEY TRAIN ANDREW IVERSON<\/strong><\/span>
\nby Michael J. Stott<\/strong><\/p>\n

TRAINING<\/p>\n

035<\/span> DRYSIDE TRAINING: TIME TO GET STRONG…AGAIN!<\/strong><\/span>
\nby J.R. Rosania<\/strong><\/p>\n

JUNIOR SWIMMER<\/p>\n

038<\/span> GOLDMINDS: JUST GO WITH THE FLOW<\/strong><\/span>
\nby Wayne Goldsmith<\/strong>
\nHow can you control\u2014and even master\u2014your emotions? The answer is by learning to become a more resilient swimmer. Here\u2019s how…<\/p>\n

046<\/span> UP & COMERS: RICHARD POPLAWSKI<\/strong><\/span>
\nby Shoshanna Rutemiller<\/strong><\/p>\n

COLUMNS<\/p>\n

010<\/span> A VOICE FOR THE SPORT<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

011<\/span> DID YOU KNOW:\u00a0<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

ABOUT FREDERICK LANE?<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

047<\/span>\u00a0 GUTTERTALK<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

049<\/span> PARTING SHOT<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Swimming World is now partnered with the International Swimming Hall of Fame. To find out more, visit us at ishof.org<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

The latest issue of Swimming World Magazine is now available for download in the Swimming World Vault! 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