{"id":232245,"date":"2016-12-16T15:22:38","date_gmt":"2016-12-16T22:22:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.swimmingworldmagazine.com\/news\/?p=232245"},"modified":"2016-12-16T15:22:38","modified_gmt":"2016-12-16T22:22:38","slug":"indoor-pool-air-quality-addressing-one-of-the-nations-most-underrated-issues","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.swimmingworldmagazine.com\/news\/indoor-pool-air-quality-addressing-one-of-the-nations-most-underrated-issues\/","title":{"rendered":"Indoor Pool Air Quality: Addressing One of the Nation\u2019s Most Underrated Issues"},"content":{"rendered":"

By Caitlin Daday, Swimming World College Intern<\/em><\/p>\n

At the 2013 USA Swimming Winter Junior National Championships in Greensboro, North Carolina, 2016 Olympian Caeleb Dressel<\/strong> was hospitalized in the middle of the meet<\/a>. The reason? The air quality.<\/p>\n

The Greensboro Aquatic Center is just one of myriad pools across the nation that repeatedly leaves swimmers struggling to catch their breath. Violent coughing, burning eyes, and dry and blotchy skin afflict almost any swimmer who has ever swum in an indoor pool.<\/p>\n

Yet although poor air quality in indoor pools affects nearly all swimmers at some point in their careers, little effort has been made to seriously address the problem. In fact not a single study has been done to see what effects prolonged exposure to bad air has on swimmers even after they hang up their goggles.<\/p>\n

\"greensboro-aquatic-center-2014-nationals\"<\/a>

Photo Courtesy: Shanda Crowe\/ProSwimVisuals.com<\/p><\/div>\n

Aimee Schmitt<\/strong> is a former member of the USA Swimming National Team and now serves as vice president of sales for Swim Spray, a product developed to help eliminate chlorine from swimmer\u2019s bodies. Today, Schmitt is highly allergic to chlorine. She and her husband, also a former swimmer, cannot even be in an indoor pool for more than 15 minutes to watch their daughter swim before the chlorinated air begins to affect them.<\/p>\n

\u201cWe\u2019ve moved forward with improved suits, training, blocks, caps, goggles, you name it,\u201d Schmitt says. \u201cBut our approach to the water hasn\u2019t changed.\u201d<\/p>\n

Air quality issues in indoor pools are not being properly addressed. In a sport like swimming, Schmitt says, having healthy air to breath is incredibly important.<\/p>\n

Schmitt says that awareness is the first step to solving the problem. At this point there are still many unanswered questions about the size and scope of the issue. There are people searching for a solution, but at this point they still do not know all the answers.<\/p>\n

The next step is understanding the source of the problem.<\/p>\n

Fortunately for swimmers the issue is not pure chlorine, Andrew Chadeayne<\/strong>, the creator of Swim Spray, says. Chlorine by itself is essentially a chemical weapon, so chlorine alone would be deadly. What swimmers actually breathe in is a collection of molecules.<\/p>\n

\u201cThe number one offender is pee in the pool because of a chemical called urea,\u201d Chadeayne says.\"Andrew-Chadeayne\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Urea has two nitrogen molecules in it, which react with chlorine to create chloramines, he says. Other oils on our bodies help to form chloramines as well. Chloramines are the culprit. When they are agitated, such as when swimmers are in the water, they begin to cause coughing and irritation.<\/p>\n

According to the Centers for Disease Control, chloramines are most concentrated just above the surface of the water. The gas they release is heavier than air, which means that the bulk of the chloramines settle right where they can cause the most problems for swimmers.<\/p>\n

Facilities managers contribute to the problem by not being wary of the actual amount of chlorine in the pool, Chadeayne says. Free chlorine molecules react with each other and become combined. Combined chlorine is what throws managers off.<\/p>\n

When a facilities manager measures the chlorine in the pool, they are only looking at free chlorine levels, Chadeayne says. If the chlorine molecules are combined, the free chlorine reading looks low. They then add more chlorine, only making the issue worse. Now there is too much chlorine in the pool, and even more chloramines are able to form.<\/p>\n

Many coaches or facilities managers attempt to improve the situation for their athletes by turning on fans or opening up doors. To the dismay of many, these very short term solutions do little.<\/p>\n

\u201cIt\u2019s like in your dorm in the corner you have a can of rotten eggs and put a fan in but keep the eggs there,\u201d Chadeayne says. \u201cThe smell keeps coming out just as fast as the fan is going.\u201d<\/p>\n

Open doors are just as useless. In fact doors can even cause more harm if they are letting cold air in, Chadeayne says. Cold air entering the building will create a cloud or vapor above the pool rather than getting the chloramines out.<\/p>\n

Mick Nelson<\/strong>, facilities director for USA Swimming, says the only cure is to get swimmers in the showers and to get them to stop peeing in the pool. When meets get bad, a lot of the problems can be tied back to how bathers have treated the pool in the last week.<\/p>\n

\u201cOne person not taking a shower can affect the pool for nine days,\u201d Nelson says. \u201cThe people that complain are the ones causing the problems.\u201d<\/p>\n

At this point fixing the problem is dependent upon swimmers and coaches being educated enough to enforce showering before swimming and getting out to use the bathroom, Nelson says. By rinsing off all the sweat and oils on their bodies and not using the pool as their personal toilet, swimmers can help improve their own situation by preventing the creation of chloramines. The cure, however, is difficult to enforce.<\/p>\n

At big meets such as the Junior Nationals in Greensboro, it is getting harder and harder to encourage swimmers not to pee in the pool. Tech suits are too hard to get on and off, and when you have to go, well, you have to go. Telling an athlete not to pee in the pool is almost hopeless.<\/p>\n

There is also the fact that all the big names are doing it. Even Michael Phelps<\/strong> admits that he pees in the pool. How can you teach young kids not to do something when the greatest of all time admits to doing it?<\/p>\n

\"shh-michael-phelps-mesa-2016\"<\/a>

Photo Courtesy: Maddie Kyler<\/p><\/div>\n

The only way to mitigate the effects is to get an ultraviolet filter system, Nelson says. In UV systems, a steel tube with UV in it is placed in the pool\u2019s filter. When the water goes through, it gets zapped by UV. The UV then destroys any chloramines and viruses that may be in the water.<\/p>\n

UV systems are great for daily use, Nelson says. But for big meets, they are not quick enough. The whole process takes six hours, so when there are hundreds of swimmers in the pool, the air quality begins to deteriorate rapidly.<\/p>\n

There are other \u201csolutions\u201d out there, but they too are largely ineffective. \u201cIt\u2019s like putting a filter on a cigarette and saying it\u2019s healthier,\u201d Nelson says. There is no way a system can bring in enough fresh air.<\/p>\n

The CDC recommends setting up a system that not only brings in fresh air but also pumps out enough of the bad air. If fresh air is only being brought in, the contaminated air will build up. Likewise, facilities also need to continue to bring in fresh air even when it is cold, despite the increased cost. Otherwise the negative health effects will increase.<\/p>\n

While there are ways to handle air quality issues, the problems still persist. Even the best facilities in the nation can bring about trouble. If the problem is so widespread, what is being done about it?<\/p>\n

At this point, not really anything.<\/p>\n

Schmitt says the air quality issues are among the more taboo topics of the swimming world\u2014no one has really had a chance to talk about it yet. There are clearly problems, but they are largely under recognized.<\/p>\n

Still today, in 2016, no one really knows how bad constant exposure to contaminated pool air is for swimmers, Chadeayne says. The short term effects are obvious. It is bad when athletes are constantly unable to breathe. It is bad when athletes cannot sleep because they are up coughing so much. It is bad when violent coughing leads to vomiting.<\/p>\n

If these are only the short term effects, what about down the road, later in life? That still remains to be seen, Chadeayne says. There is the potential relation to asthma and other respiratory problems, but as there have been no studies, these links cannot be definitively proved.<\/p>\n

As of now, there are two pending law suits involving the connection between respiratory problems and bad air quality, Nelson says. The way things are going, these are likely only the beginning.<\/p>\n

The air quality problem is not going away. Until it is properly addressed, swimmers will continue to train and compete in pools that literally take away their ability to breathe, with little knowledge of what damage will be done to their future health.<\/p>\n

All commentaries are the opinion of the author and do not necessarily reflect the views of Swimming World Magazine nor its staff.<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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